Gastrotomy

Understanding Gastrotomy and the Role of Board Certified Surgeons

As a pet owner, it's natural to feel concerned when your pet needs surgery, especially if it involves something as serious as a gastrotomy. A gastrotomy is a surgical procedure where an incision is made into the stomach, often to remove a foreign object that your pet has swallowed. This can be a lifesaving intervention, but it requires careful attention and expertise.

What is a Gastrotomy?

A gastrotomy is typically performed when your pet ingests something it shouldn't, like toys, bones, or other objects that can get stuck in the stomach. This is the most common reason for this type of surgery in veterinary medicine. The procedure involves making an incision in the stomach to retrieve the object, followed by careful closure of the incision to ensure proper healing.

The Role of Board Certified Surgeons

Board certified surgeons are specialists who have undergone additional training and have passed rigorous exams to demonstrate their expertise in surgery. They have extensive experience with complex procedures like gastrotomies and are well-equipped to handle any complications that might arise during or after surgery. Their expertise can provide peace of mind for pet owners, as they are more likely to ensure a smooth recovery and minimize risks such as infection or dehiscence (where the incision opens up again).

Why General Practitioners May Perform Gastrotomies

In areas with limited access to specialized veterinary care, general practitioners may be called upon to perform surgeries like gastrotomies. While they are trained to handle emergencies and basic surgeries, they might not have the same level of specialized training as board certified surgeons. However, many general practitioners are skilled and capable of performing these procedures safely, especially if they have experience with similar cases.

Recovery from Gastrotomy

Recovery from a gastrotomy typically involves a short hospital stay, usually one to two days, during which your pet will be monitored for any signs of complications. After discharge, it's crucial to follow your veterinarian's instructions carefully. This may include:

Rest and Recovery: Limit your pet's activity to prevent straining the incision site.
Dietary Changes: Initially, your pet may need to eat a bland diet to ease digestion and reduce the risk of complications.
Monitoring for Complications: Keep an eye out for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or discharge from the incision site, and report any unusual behavior or vomiting to your veterinarian immediately.

Conclusion

While having a board certified surgeon perform a gastrotomy can offer additional assurance, many general practitioners are capable of safely performing this surgery. If you live in an area with limited access to specialized care, it's important to discuss any concerns with your veterinarian. They can provide guidance based on your pet's specific needs and circumstances. Remember, prompt veterinary care is crucial if you suspect your pet has ingested something harmful.

If you have any further questions or concerns about your pet's health or upcoming surgery, don't hesitate to reach out to your veterinarian. They are there to support you and ensure the best possible outcome for your pet.

How long does the recovery process typically take for a gastronomy?

The recovery process for a gastrotomy typically involves several stages and can vary depending on the individual pet's health and the specifics of the surgery. Here's a general overview of what you can expect:

Immediate Recovery (First Few Days)

Hospital Stay: Your pet will usually stay in the hospital for about two to three days after surgery to ensure they can eat, drink, and move around without complications.
Post-Anesthesia Effects: In the first day or two, your pet may be lethargic and unsteady due to the anesthesia. This is normal and should resolve quickly.
Pain Management: Your veterinarian will prescribe pain medication to keep your pet comfortable during this period.

Short-Term Recovery (First Week)

Activity Restriction: It's crucial to limit your pet's activity to prevent straining the incision site. Short walks are recommended, and jumping or running should be avoided.
Dietary Changes: Initially, a bland diet is recommended to ease digestion. Gradually return to their normal diet over the next few days.
Wound Care: Monitor the incision site for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or discharge. Ensure your pet does not lick or scratch the area.

Long-Term Recovery (2-3 Weeks)

Full Recovery: Most pets are well on the road to recovery within two to three weeks after abdominal surgery.
Stitch Removal: If non-dissolving sutures were used, they will need to be removed in about 10 to 14 days.
Return to Normal Activities: Your veterinarian will advise when it's safe for your pet to resume normal activities.

Monitoring for Complications

Keep an eye out for signs of complications such as lethargy, loss of appetite, vomiting, or changes in gum color. Contact your veterinarian if you notice any unusual behavior.

By following these guidelines and your veterinarian's specific instructions, you can help ensure a smooth and successful recovery for your pet.

What should pet owners expect during the surgery itself?

When your pet undergoes a gastrotomy, here's what you can expect during the surgery itself:

Preparation

Anesthesia: Your pet will be given general anesthesia to ensure they are unconscious and pain-free during the procedure. This typically involves a pre-anesthetic sedative, followed by an intravenous anesthetic to allow for the placement of a breathing tube, and then inhalation anesthesia during surgery.
Preparation of the Surgical Site: The hair over the upper abdomen is clipped, and the skin is scrubbed with surgical soap to disinfect the area. A sterile drape is placed over the surgical site to maintain cleanliness.

Surgical Procedure

Incision: The veterinarian makes an incision in the skin of the upper abdomen, similar to a spay incision, to open the abdominal cavity. This is usually a midline incision.
Isolation of the Stomach: The stomach is isolated using sterile sponges to prevent contamination.
Gastrotomy: An incision is made in the stomach itself, typically on the ventral surface midway between the lesser and greater curvatures, where there is less blood flow. The size and location of the incision depend on the size of the foreign object or the purpose of the surgery.
Removal of Foreign Objects or Tissue: The surgeon removes any foreign objects, takes biopsies, or performs repairs as needed.

Closure and Post-Surgical Care

Closure of the Stomach: The stomach incision is closed with sutures, often using a single-layer or double-layer technique depending on the surgeon's preference. Absorbable sutures are commonly used.
Abdominal Closure: The abdominal incision is closed with sutures or staples, which may need to be removed in about 10 to 14 days.
Monitoring: During and after surgery, your pet's vital signs are closely monitored to ensure their safety and comfort.

Postoperative Care

Recovery from Anesthesia: Your pet will be monitored as they recover from anesthesia. They may be lethargic or unsteady initially, but this should resolve quickly.
Pain Management: Your veterinarian will provide pain medication to keep your pet comfortable during the recovery period.
Follow-Up Care: Instructions will be given for postoperative care, including dietary restrictions, activity limitations, and monitoring for complications.

By understanding these steps, you can better prepare yourself and your pet for the surgery and the recovery process that follows.